Essay --

There was once a point in magazine when commonwealth fought for the right to do what people in this day and get along would an everyday ritual. They had to screw with the day to day struggle of having to sneak to pray to their God. The great power to express your thoughts and concerns verbally could cost you your life. Decisions were make without the input of citizens. Like a kidskin, citizens were to be seen and not heard. Independence and freedom was craved so badly, it drove people to leave the place they once called home. Men gathered together collaborating ideas on what would soon be our Constitution. July 4, 1776, life was no chronic as some natural it. American people were as happy as a sister on Christmas. Freedom is something many of us take for granted. To them, freedom was more than alone a right. It was the privilege to your opinion out loud. It was the privilege to walk in the building to worship God. It was the privilege to have the ability to make decisions th at could impact your country. plenty longed for that right and it was appreciated. America was now a place where people could live freely. There were no strict rules that bounded you from life. Now, according to G.Gordon Liddy, America is no longer this way. According to him and his novel, when he was a kid this was a free country. In the support, When I Was a Kid, This Was a Free Country, by G.Gordon Liddy, Liddy tells the reader how America has made a drastic change from the 1930s. Using reflections from his childhood, Liddy compares life styles of todays time percentage point to life styles during the time period of his childhood. According to Liddy, his generation is the last generation to call in what the country was like when it was free. Through his years of radio programming, Liddy says ... ...d have the kind stability to take on the dry land. My thoughts on this book vary. I think that Liddys expectations of the domain of a function is ridiculous. It may be my Democ ratic beliefs kicking in, but to compare the world to then and now isnt logically to me. Liddy should not be shocked to see such(prenominal) changes in the world. Things change. The world is more advanced now. You cant do things you could do in the 30s. Technology is more advanced, Children are being forced to grow up quicker, educational systems have now raised their standards, and views on life arent seen nerve to eye anymore. To me, For Liddy to even compare the world to his childhood is like comparing a child to its behavior when its one, to the behavior of the child when its 18. I presume that the purpose of Liddys book was to inform the readers how America may seem is not how she once was. He treasured to adv Essay -- There was once a point in time when people fought for the right to do what people in this day and age would an everyday ritual. They had to live with the day to day struggle of having to sneak to pray to their God. The ability to express your tho ughts and concerns verbally could cost you your life. Decisions were made without the input of citizens. Like a child, citizens were to be seen and not heard. Independence and freedom was craved so badly, it drove people to leave the place they once called home. Men gathered together collaborating ideas on what would soon be our Constitution. July 4, 1776, life was no longer as some new it. American people were as happy as a child on Christmas. Freedom is something many of us take for granted. To them, freedom was more than just a right. It was the privilege to your opinion out loud. It was the privilege to walk in the building to worship God. It was the privilege to have the ability to make decisions that could impact your country. People longed for that right and it was appreciated. America was now a place where people could live freely. There were no strict rules that bounded you from life. Now, according to G.Gordon Liddy, America is no longer this way. According to him and his novel, when he was a kid this was a free country. In the book, When I Was a Kid, This Was a Free Country, by G.Gordon Liddy, Liddy tells the reader how America has made a drastic change from the 1930s. Using reflections from his childhood, Liddy compares life styles of todays time period to life styles during the time period of his childhood. According to Liddy, his generation is the last generation to remember what the country was like when it was free. Through his years of radio programming, Liddy says ... ...d have the mental stability to take on the world. My thoughts on this book vary. I think that Liddys expectations of the world is ridiculous. It may be my Democratic beliefs kicking in, but to compare the world to then and now isnt logically to me. Liddy should not be shocked to see such changes in the world. Things change. The world is more advanced now. You cant do things you could do in the 30s. Technology is more advanced, Children are being forced to grow up quicker, ed ucational systems have now raised their standards, and views on life arent seen eye to eye anymore. To me, For Liddy to even compare the world to his childhood is like comparing a child to its behavior when its one, to the behavior of the child when its 18. I presume that the purpose of Liddys book was to inform the readers how America may seem is not how she once was. He wanted to adv

Lung Cancer Essay -- essays research papers

Smoking is the most preventable cause of death in our society. During 1995, approximately 2.1 million people in demonstrable countries died as a result of smoking. One tobacco use is responsible for nearly one in five deaths in the United States. Lung Cancer death rate are about 23 times higher for current male smokers and 13 times higher for current female smokers compared to a lifelong never-smoker. In addition to being responsible for 87% of lung genus Cancers, smoking is also associated with cancers of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, pancreas, uterine cervix, kidney, and bladder. Smoking accounts for at least 29% of all cancer deaths, is a study cause of heart disease, and is associated with conditions ranging from colds and gastric ulcers to chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and cerebrovascular disease. Women have a better chance in getting lung cancer because men do. This class the disease will kill 68,000 women in the United States, more than one and a half times as many as breast cancer. crimson if a woman smoked for awhile and quit, her chances are much greater then a man that smoked 2 times longer then the woman did. Scientists still dont know all the reasons why this happens. With 23 million women still smoking. Lung cancer will remain a madly epidemic threatening the lives of millions of women. Second hand smoke, also called environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), is a human carcinogen. Each year about 3,000 nonsmoking adults die of lung cancer as a result breathing the sm...

The Division of Religion :: essays research papers fc

The East-West rip, known also as the Great Schism (though this latter term sometimes refers to the later occidental Schism), was the event that divided Chalcedonian Christianity into Hesperian Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Though normally dated to 1054, when Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael I excommunicated each other, the East-West Schism was actually the result of an extended period of estrangement between the two Churches. The primary causes of the Schism were disputes over papal chestthe Pope claimed he held authority over the four Eastern patriarchs, while the four eastern patriarchs claimed that the primacy of the Patriarch of capital of Italy was only honorary, and thus he had authority only over Western Christiansand over the insertion of the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed. There were other, less significant catalysts for the Schism, including variance over liturgical practices and conflicting claims of jurisdiction.The Church split along doctrinal, theologi cal, linguistic, political, and geographical lines, and the fundamental breach has never been healed. It might be alleged that the two churches actually reunited in 1274 (by the Second Council of Lyons) and in 1439 (by the Council of Basel), but in each depicted object the councils were repudiated by the Orthodox as a whole, given that the hierarchs had overstepped their authority in consenting to these so-called "unions". Further attempts to reconcile the two bodies have failed however, several ecclesiastical communities that originally sided with the East changed their loyalties, and are now called Eastern Rite Catholic Churches. For the most part, however, the Western and the Eastern Churches are separate. Each takes the view that it is the "One hallowed Catholic and Apostolic Church", implying that it was the other group that left the true church during the Schism.Since its earliest days, the Church recognized the special positions of three bishops, who were k nown as patriarchs the Bishop of Rome, the Bishop of Alexandria, and the Bishop of Antioch. They were joined by the Bishop of Constantinople and by the Bishop of Jerusalem, both confirmed as patriarchates by the Council of Chalcedon in 451. The patriarchs held both authority and precedence over fellow bishops in the Church. Among them, the Bishop of Rome (the Pope) was deemed to hold a higher status, by virtue of his position as the successor of Saint Peter. Moreover, the Popes see was of particular importance, as Rome was the capital of the papist Empire. Even

Patriotism Essay -- essays research papers

The recent terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have caused confusion on the theme of patriotism. The best way to start understanding patriotism is to simply define it. Patriotism is a persons level of loyalty toward their country. Displays of true patriotism are prominent in times of despair, such as wars and terrorist attacks. However, many people have discrepancies on what displays of patriotism really are. Some people recollect that showing patriotism can be accomplished by waving the pin tumbler and singing the national anthem. Others believe that a person must be much more involved in a cause to show patriotism. It is true that waving a flag doesnt accomplish much. Although this action displays dependable intentions, it can be done with little effort or thought. Patriotism is much more than waving the flag and singing the national anthem.Admittedly, waving the flag and singing the national anthem are not wrong things to do. These actions promote uni ty and raise moral. However, love for the country can be focused in ways that are much more productive. "Patriotism can no longer be defined by whether you think this is the greatest country in the world" (Gesford, 1). An act of patriotism must accomplish something. Making a personal sacrifice is an example. Donating money or joining the army would certainly clear the country more than waving a flag. Furthermore, many people have failed to realize how blind their actions are. Patrick Henrys speech t...

post colonial :: essays research papers fc

George, Rosemary Marangoly, and Helen Scott. "An Interview with Tsitsi Dangarembga." Novel (Spring 1993)309-319. This interview was conducted at the African Writers Festival, Brown Univ., Nov. 1991 Excerpt from Introduction "Written when the author was twenty-five, Nervous Conditions put Dangarembga at the forefront of the younger generation of African writers producing literature in side today....Nervous Conditions highlights that which is often effaced in postcolonial African literature in English--the representation of young African girls and women as worthy subjects of literature....While the critical reception of this novel has focused principally on the authors feminist agenda, in this interview...Dangarembga stresses that she has moved from a somewhat singular consideration of gender politics to an appreciation of the complexities of the politics of postcolonial subjecthood" (309).Full text alike available from EBSCOHost Academic Search Elite, Article No. 93 12270407.Veit-Wild, Flora. Interview with Dangarembga "Women Write about Things that Move Them." Matatu Zeitschrift fur afrikanische Kultur und Gesellschaft 3.6(1989) 101-108.Wilkinson, Jane. "Tsitsi Dangarembga." Talking with African Writers Interviews with African Poets, Playwrights and Novelists. London James Currey, 1992. 189-198.Tsitsi Dangarembga (b. 1959) was interviewed 4 Sept. 1989 in London by Jane Wilkinson, and I here highlight some points made in that interview. There seem to be many autobiographical parallels mingled with Tsitsis and Tambus lives, although Tambudzai (supposed to be 13 in 1968 in the novel) would be slightly older than Dangarembga (who was 9 in 1968). Dangarembga says that she wrote of "things I had observed and had had direct become with," but "larger than any one persons own tragedieswith a wider implication and origin and therefore were things that needed to be told" (190).One in-chief(postnominal) theme in Nervous Conditions is that of remembering and forgettingespecially the danger of Tambus forgetting who she is, where she came fromas her brother Nhamo did. Dangarembga acknowledges this in the interview (191). "I personally do not have a fund of our cultural tradition or oral history to draw from, but I really did feel that if I am able to put down the little I know then its a start" (191). Nyasha, the author says, doesnt have anything to forget, for she neer knew, was never taught her culture and originsand this forms "some great big gap inside her." "Tambudzai, on the other hand is quite valid in saying that she cant forget because she has that kind of experience. Nyasha is so worried about forgetting because its not there for her to remember.

Teaching Philosophy :: Education Learning School Essays

Me as a TeacherAll through high school when I was debating my career I never considered becoming a teacher, especially since the majority of my teachers told my classes not to become teachers. My father is a civil target, and everyone expected me to become an engineer. Also, they had me convince that becoming an engineer was really what I destinyed to do. I started my freshman year at Bluefield State College in the mechanical engineering field. I finished my first semester with effective grades, but I learned that engineering wasnt the career for me. My favorite thing in the world is history. It is always on my mind whether Im reading a book, watching it on television, or talking to someone about it. So, I began to wonder what career I could choose that involved history. At first I thought I wanted to be a historian, but now I want to teach history to teenagers. I want these young adults to learn, appreciate, respect, and understand that history is a very inte ataraxisin g subject.Today in most high schools the teacher lectures in a monotone give tongue to straight from the book about the chapter the class is on. When the lecture for that chapter is over most classes will do a worksheet where they look up the attends in the book. Then they secrete it in for an easy 100 and usually dont retain any of the knowledge. The next day they review for the test where the instructor tells them every answer that will be on the test the students write the information down and memorize it for the test. The following day they take the test, which is filled with lower-order questions. Most of the students receive an A, and the rest a B. Monday they start the next chapter not being able to recall a single thing learned in the pervious chapter.I final cause to incorporate a variety of philosophies in my classroom. Essentialism brings the classroom back to the basics. It is a conservative philosophy that accepts the traditional social, political, and econo mic structure of U.S. society. Essentialists believe that not exactly should the classroom material be taught, but the teacher should teach his students moral values and intellectual knowledge that the students need to become good citizens.

Standards of Rating Hotels in Russia

Intro There are no international unified standards for awarding stars to hotels, said Sergei Korneyev, director for the northwesterly at the Russian Tourism Industry Union. * Each country has its own agreement, and it is very inconvenient for tourists, since, for example, Egyptian stars differ from European ones. There have been many misunderstandings.WHAT IS An hotel ranking is a system, taking into account a full range of factors including quality of accommodation, range of amenities, standards of service, atmosphere and prices as well as customers experience, and feedback in effect to classify hotels There are currently about 30 national systems of hotel miscellanea around the world. * Among them are the letters system used in Greece and the crowns system used in the U. K. , though the most widespread system is the star classification * While all hotels in capital of the Russian Federation claim a unique(predicate) number of stars, there is no reliable, universal system of cl assification in operation.This can often lead to unrealistic expectations, disappointment, and it may be hard to bash what to expect from your hotel in terms of standards, work, and amenities as a prototypical-time travelers to Russia. Suchi Hotels first and then the entire country of Russia * Since July 2010 Sochi hotels were obliged to classify themselves by the demands of the International prodigious Committee (classification as the country gears up to host the 2014 Winter Olympic Games). The Governor of Krasnodar neck of the woods decided to first expand this requirement to the whole region and now to the whole country.As new legislation passes, starting this summer season of 2012 only star-rated hotels were able to accommodate tourists. A little bit of History * The first attempts to introduce classification standards in Russia were made in the Soviet era. In 1984, a document was drawn up dividing hotels into seven categories. The regulation existed until 1994 and was foll owed by tether more certification documents. Finally, in 2005, a new system of state classification of hotels and guesthouses was launched, taking into account European experience. Previously, Russian hotels obtained star-category classification on a voluntary basis, that obtaining certification became obligatory later an order signed in June 2010.* There are 471 officially certified hotels in Russia about 10 percent of the total number of 4,500 hotels, according to data from the Federal Tourism Agency. From Yesterday to Today Review of the principal changes * It appears that often stars in Russia were given after considering formalities and did not reflect real comfort and service level. The main difference between the new and old classification systems is that, now, the expert appraisal and subsidization of a Hotel to a particular category exit be carried out by special organizations accredited by government agencies * Prior the classification of Hotels in Russia was carried out under a voluntary classification system that was approved by the Federal Agency for Tourism (Rosturizm) in 2005 and largely based on standards and rules that were set back in the 1990s * Many hotels that are located in old buildings will need to invest a lot in engineering infrastructure and additional facilities to get the necessary number of points to obtain the certification and get the stars they want.Hotel Assesment Criteria Each hotel will be awarded a number of points depending on the number of ways and the services offered. * The requirements, relate to various aspects of Hotel operations layout, condition of meanss, range and quality of services offered, etc. * For example -A standard single room in a five-star hotel must be at least 14 m? in area, and the Hotel must also have a conference room with the relevant equipment. The waiting time for an elevator in four- and five-star hotels should be no more than 30 seconds, or 45 seconds in a three-star hotel. * The classi fication will be a paid procedure, and mandatory certification is expected to cost less than voluntary classification about ( today $1,500 for three- to four-star hotels with less than 100 rooms) * Hotels that ease up to declare their status under the new rules will pay a fine, * Hotels without certification wont have the right to use their unofficial valuation in advertisements, and furthermore, limits may be applied to the activity of such hotels * -Certificates will be issued for five years, but hotels will have to reaffirm their status twice a year. Just a few more things to remind (only on the power point) Luxury Hotels * world-class 5-star hotels * EitherHistoric Moscow Hotelsor Moscow branches of well-known international brands at the very top of the hotel market. Deluxe Hotels * executive standard 4-star or 5-star hotels * Must be centrally situated. maestro Hotels * International 4-star ratings. * IfSuperior Hotelsare not centrally located, then they must have good tran sport links to the city. Standard Hotels * International 3-star standards, including many new or richly renovated Russian hotels. Standard Hotels are rarely central Tourist Class Hotels * Often built in the Soviet period, hotels of this class may not be fully renovated. * Representing the cheapest accommodation widely available in Russia *International 2-star standards * Situated in modern buildings in the suburbs. Budget Hotels * low-cost accommodation * No services are guaranteed. Conclusion Classifications under the new system mandatory or voluntary? * At present, the new classification system is applicable to all Hotels, but is mandatory only for Hotels offering the relevant services within the municipality of the city/resort of Sochi. * We note that the changes to he Hotel classification rules and the mandatory classification procedure for current Hotels is without any doubt related to the XXII Olympic Winter Games being held in Russia.* We believe that the overall trend for the introduction of international standards in many sectors in Russia is connected with the ambition to join the World Trade Organization. For the Future Whats next? * The World Hotel Rating (WHR) project, aims at setting international classification standards and rating criteria along the lines of a world star-rating system. * This project will establish an information platform on the hotel industry which will be multilingual and multicultural. * WHR intends to run away a key role in the development of quality hotel services

Organizational Citizenship Behavior

What is disposalal citizenship air (OCB)? Describe in your own way. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is behavior that goes beyond the basic requirements of the labor, is to a large extent left to ones own discretion, and is largely beneficial to the organization. OCB comes about as a result of job satisfaction. As employees that are highly satisfied with their jobs are more likely to think that they are being treated fairly , therefore trust in the organization and their employer is likely to arise .This then leads employees to be more willing in helping out during extra hours voluntarily, volunteering for extra job activities, avoiding unnecessary conflict etc This is OCB. How is OCB assorted from normal working behavior? OCB is different from normal working behavior in the sense that the employee goes out of his normal working behavior to get concern (Allen, T. D. , 2006 ) into helping others and go beyond the normal expectations of their jobs.As a normal working beha vior would be doing the tasks being asked of you and forced upon you as it is in your job description, but OCB differs from normal working behavior as OCBs are employee behaviors that, although not critical to the task or job, serve to facilitate organizational functioning (Lee and Allen, 2002, p 132). If you are a manager, how do you motivate your subordinates to exhibit more OCBs? Use the theories you have learned from different chapters.Firstly I would like to emphasize the sizeableness of OCB to managers and the organization as a whole as successful organizations need employees who will do more than their usual job duties and provide performance that is beyond expectations and as I have mentioned before OCB describe actions in which employees are willing to go above and beyond their prescribed role requirements. Therefore reiterating the intuitive feeling that these behaviors are correlated with indicators of organizational effectiveness, therefore showing us that OCBs are cr ucial for managers.Now, how to motivate subordinates to exhibit more OCBs, using Herzbergs two-factor theory that suggests that motivation factors (which admit achievement, recognition, responsibility, growth, and work itself) are strongly related to job satisfaction. I freighter then say that if I was a manager I would have to marque the jobs of my employees challenging, exciting , interesting and satisfying as employees who find their jobs to be such things, tend to tolerate demanding supervision, avoid complaining, focus more on positive sides, and grant organizations minor faults.These kinds of behaviors are typically related to OCB. (Herzberg et al. s 1959) Since hygiene factors are related to an individuals job dissatisfaction, one can expect that hygiene factors may also influence an individuals OCB. Therefore as a manager I would focus on placing hygiene factors such as job security, fringe benefits, and good work conditions so that dissatisfaction from the lack of the se factors doesnt occur and OCB is therefore encouraged.Allen, T. D. (2006). Rewarding good citizens The relationship between citizenship behavior, gender, and organizational rewards. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 120-143. Lee, K. , & Allen, N. J. (2002). Organizational citizenship behavior and workplace deviance The role of affect and cognitions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 131-142. Herzberg, F. , Mausner, B. , & Snyderman, B. (1959). The motivation to work. New York Wiley.

Reaction Paper on Acculturation and Alcohol Treatment in Ethnic Minority Populations: Assessment Issues and Implications

In the article Acculturation and Alcohol Treatment in Ethnic Minority Populations judgment Issues and Implications, the authors research the seismic disturbance of acculturation on the drinking behavior of minorities, specifically older Hispanic veterans versus older White veterans. In the article, acculturation is defined as the exchange of cultural features from the continuous firsthand contact of one group to another. The authors conducted a study that looked at the relationship between the take aim of acculturation and the level of alcohol use among older White and Latino male veterans.The subjects were 55yrs of age or older there were 18 White male veterans and 24 Latino male veterans. The authors hypothesized that the higher the levels of acculturation among Latino veterans would correlate to higher levels of drinking behavior. The hypothesis was backed up with the results drinking behavior was correlated with acculturation levels. In Latino veterans higher past drinking b ehavior was associated with lower social affiliation with their own group. The concept of acculturation is something that is new to me.I can regard though that it could prevail a profound impact on the lives of minority individuals. In reading the article, it was linked to higher levels of substance abuse in minorities as well as stress and psychological disorders which in many minorities go undetected and/or untreated. This is a concept that I feel should be study more. This article deals with older subjects, but I think the impact of acculturation needs to be studied in younger minorities, males and females.I hope to have the opportunity to look into the concept, theories, and potential impacts of acculturation more thoroughly as I continue my tenure here at USC. This article stresses, just as much of the material I have read in this class and my other classes, that as mental health workers and social workers we must mind our clients cultures and the impact of their culture on their behavior. With the idea of acculturation now added, as a social worker I need be mindful of the potential compulsive backs minority clients may be experiencing by trying to fit in to the mainstream culture.

Moral hazards in financial system

Loans and the Housing Bubble Burst A moral hazard in economics is where someone takes a encounter that they wouldnt normally take because they know that the consequences of that risk not paying off will be paid by somebody else. The case we will be discussing will be the housing bubble breach and it relates to the topic because lenders took great risks lending funds to people that could not afford it knowing their banks were too sorry to fail and he government would have to trammel them out.To begin this case we must first give a brief summary. After the dot. Com bubble burst of 2000 and the attacks on the US on September 11 the US economy was at a great risk of going into a recession. Central banks somewhat the world including our federal reserve tried to stimulate the economy by reducing interest rates. This made a lot of people see the chance to make money and they started taking on riskier investments like for example buying houses that they knew they couldnt afford hoping to flip it in a couple of years and make a great deal of money.Lenders saw this as an opportunity to make money as well by lending all this money but they did It with senior high school risk approving people with supreme credit that would normally never get approved for these loans. Consumers kept this trend going and every year more than and more supreme mortgages were being Initiated until 2006 when the housing bubble anally burst.The result was more foreclosures per year than had ever been seen before in the US and many lenders and hedge gold having to declare bankruptcy or need government ball outs. Moral hazards in financial system By caricaturing this as an opportunity to make money as well by lending all this money but they did it more supreme mortgages were being initiated until 2006 when the housing bubble need government bail outs.

Most and Least Important Factors in the Outbreak of Ww1

Which was the most important and least important factor in the blast of the First World War? In my opinion, the most important cause of the First World War was the Alliance System. By 1914, the main powers in atomic number 63 had been gived into two groups.These were The Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy, and The Triple Entente Britain, France and Russia. Although the point of creating these everyiances was to avoid war, they meant that any conflict that broke out would increase in casing immediately because the other countries had to support them. The main rivalries were Germany and France over the capture of Alsace-Lorraine, Russia and Austria over the Balkans, and Britain and Germany over their navies and economic power.The Alliance System created a lot of competition in the midst of the rival countries, and possibly even the allies themselves, because, naturally, they all wanted to be the most powerful and influential in their group. This just increased th e tension amongst everyone and strengthened each side for the inevitable war. On the other hand, I think the least important cause of the war was the Arms Race. The growing divide in Europe (caused by the Alliance System) had led to an arms race between the main countries.The French and German armies had more than doubled their forces, and all nations were do plans for war. The German Count Alfred von Schlieffen had come up with the Schlieffen Plan, which was to fight France and defeat them within six weeks, and then to turn back and defeat Russia. Unfortunately for them, they relied too much on hoping Russia would take more than six weeks to mobilise, which didnt happen. Also, as the Germans went through Belgium to get into France, Belgium had a treaty with Britain which meant Britain automatically got involved.Austria was intimidated by Russia and require Germany to come after in defeating France, so they could then help them in fighting Russia. Russia had potentially million s of soldiers. This made them very powerful because they could overwhelm the opposition with sheer numbers, although they would have needed Britains industrial help because they were badly-equipped. France had a large, well equipped army. They had a plan called Plan 17. This was to charge across the frontiers and deep into Germany, forcing them to surrender.Britain was closely but on the QT in collaboration with the French. They set up the BEF (British Expeditionary Force), which was 150,000 highly trained soldiers that could go and support France at any time. Although the Arms Race seems to have genuine the preparations for war from each country, I dont think that it actually caused any more problems between the countries. At this point, war was seen as inevitable and all the nations could do was prepare for what was to come as best as they could.

New Idea for an Old Brand Essay

As a way to freshen up the traditional brand and to gain more exposure, the granddaughter of the Margaux family wanted to begin mass marketing a new booze brand. The idea would be to use different grapes in order to be more accessible to the younger generation. The target price range would be 20-25 per bottle (Dessain, 2011).There are a gigantic number of young wine drinkers who cannot afford the high prices of the current Gran Vin brand and are therefore not being attracted to the Chateau de Margaux vineyards. If these consumers were introduced to an affordable brand of wine from the Margaux estate, then they may be more likely to recognize and trust the brand. That way, when they are looking for a more expensive wine, they will first go to their label of Grand Vin from the Chateau de Margaux collection.General ConcernsSome of the issues with this suggestion are maintaining the exclusivity of the original brand, ensuring that consumers still feel motivated to pay the higher price point, and they will also now need a distributor, marketing team, and an ability to focus on more than one brand of wine. In this particular case, the Margaux business has a close-tie who is very familiar with the distributorship and marketing of wine, and therefore this is a solution to one of the issues however there are several of the other issues that remain very pertinent concerns, as we will discuss later on.

Sas Case Analysis

International Case 6-2 T h e C a s e o f (Scandinavian Airlines S A S System) institution SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYSTEM (SAS) originated when the airlines of Sweden, Norway and Denmark formed a consortium. 1970s competition atomic number 18 fierce and resulted in a loss market share. 1981 Jan Carlzon, The CEO, undertook drastic decentralization. Top-Down authority replaced by open communication. SAS Strategies is to have known as the businessmans strategy (with rather high fares), with upgraded service, on- sentence performance, good aliment and comfort.For the Future SAS has 2 goals 1. To become the most efficient airline in Europe by 1992 2. To be one of the five major(ip) airlines in Europe after 1995 Keystone is SASs global strategy is to form strategic alliances. -? An savvy to exchange equities with Swissair was reached in 1989. -? Alliance was also made with All Nippon Airways, LanChile, Canadian Airlines Intl and Finnair. I. TIME CONTEXT II. viewpoint 1981 Jan Carlzon SAS CEO III. CENTRAL PROBLEM Fierce competition, Loss of market share & Reduced profitabilityIV. account OF OBJECTIVE Must to cope up with competition Wants to become the most efficient airline in Europe by 1992 and to be one of the five major airlines in Europe after 1995 V. AREAS OF love THREATS 1.? Competition with larger airlines 2.? High fuel price 3.? Rising operational costs 4.? Decrease in demand for air service 5.? Price Wars OPPORTUNITIES 1.? Strategic alliances with other airlines 2.? Offer high-quality service V. AREAS OF CONSIDERATION WEAKNESSES 1.? deterioration of services 2.?Low morale of the workforce STRENGTH 1.? Workforce 2.? Upgraded Services 3.? On-time performance 4.? Good food & comfort 5.? Decentralization VI. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION 1. Continuous implementation of decentralization (+) Faster decision-making Address and bat the problem right away Open communication Training and development for employees (-) Mistakes or wrong decisions are prevalent Policies and rule must be reviewed and change Training cost Great deal of time in communication a.? b.? c.? d.? a.? b.? c.? d.?VI. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION 2. Strategic alliance with other airlines (+) Access to different airlines hub leverage Able to compete with larger airlines Opportunity to sell shares (-) a.? Control issue b.? Possible waste of capital a.? b.? c.? d.? VI. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION 3. Upgrade service strategy (+) a.? High-quality service b.? Punctual and on-time performance (-) a.? High fares b.? look and development cost c.? Training cost VII. RECOMMENDATION Adapt ACA 2 (Strategic Alliance) VIII. ACTION PLAN individual Responsible Jan Carlzon / Marketing Research Jan Carlzon Jan Carlzon Jan Carlzon / Negotiating Team Negotiating Team Jan Carlzon / Allies Finance Department Activities Gather selective information through business intelligence & competitive analysis Set a meeting with the SAS Board stress a negotiating team Set meetings with possible allies Time Frame 30 days 1 day 7 days Prepare proposals/MOA/Service agreement Contract signing / sign-off Prepare reckon 3 days 1 day 5 days Mistakes can usually be rectify later the time that is lost in not making a decision can neer be retrieved. Jan Carlzon

IKEA India Entry Strategy Essay

IKEA originated in 1943 by a 17 year old Ingvar Kamprad using his entrepreneurial skills exchange items let egress of a compile and continued to expand where his stores is located in much than 30 countries periodly. IKEA sells piece of article of article of piece of piece of furniture and early(a) household intersections at a very pitiful price so that every wiz clear open up them. IKEA is always looking to economise m unriv completelyed and save(a)y on their packaging, be, and any some other opportunity they get to save m adepty. As a team we thought it would be most beneficial for IKEA to enter into India specific ally Mumbai, India. India is one of the most emerging countries and gives IKEA a spacious opportunity. As a team we feel IKEA should implement interior designers that help tribe decide which furniture properly fits in their house hold. The interior designer get out be extremely k straightwayledgeable and accommodating when helping quite a short dec o tempo their piazzas.India is an emerging country with one of the largest democracies in the valet. India has one of the largest creations in the World which is a great opportunity for IKEA. One problem with the coarse population is the wide array of income ranging from the very wealthy all the way down to the lower fork who whitethorn work for as little as a dollar a day. The furniture application in India only consists of .05% of its GDP which is a nonher reason IKEA has a great opportunity to be self-made in India. India has a large opportunity for FDI (foreign direct induement) because of the current stinting conditions and the rapid growth direct of the country in terms of GPD and other economic indicators.IKEA in India will maintain the original Swedish logo and plans to target people in India in the lower middle class and above. It is estimated that there atomic number 18 between 30 and 300 million people that would fit into IKEAs target market. IKEA plans to start as one store in Mumbai and expand depending on sales and revenue. IKEA will need to occupy man mountrs who be experienced help with the opening procedure to check over that everything is make right. It is essential for IKEA to hire Indian managers and sellworkers as they will be able to make a connection to the guests that foreigners might not be able to make. People of India understand how life works, what people want, and how they do stock. IKEA will need to cover all aspects of product line in terms of employment from sales people all the way up to covering management and everything in between.IKEA must promote and market their opening properly so that people ar aw ar of the store locating and what it has to offer. Advertising and promotion is very important for them and utilizing social media could be a large attri more(prenominal)overe to their selling campaign. IKEA is going to issue common stock and other aspects of business to go through that they stinkpot aff ord the transition into India. There are umteen an(prenominal) a(prenominal) challenges that IKEA may face in this process, solely through careful compend and marketing research they can overcome any adversity that may come their way.COMPANY OVERVIEWIKEA was established in 1943 where 17 year old Ingvar Kamprad started a local catalog selling household goods with money that his father had given him. Kamprad ran a very favored business and discrete to open selling furniture at a low price. Kamprad established a name for himself fit very reliable, dependable, and offering a good growth at a low price. In 1965, one of the biggest stores was opened where people of Sweden lined up outside the doors waiting for the store to open. Kamprad ran a very successful business expanding globally and penetrated the market in the United States in Pennsylvania in 1985.IKEA is considered to be one of the Worlds top furniture retailers generating more than $12 million in profit in 2002. IKEA sell s furniture and other miscellaneous products at a very low price allowing numerous people to grease ones palms their products. IKEA sets an initial benchmark in regards to the pricing and then cut the prices by more than 20-50% to ensure guests of all social classes can purchase there items. IKEA understands that only allowing the upper class to purchase their product eliminates a large amount of potential nodes. IKEA as well tries to attract to college students who areon a blind drunk budget, but need to purchase furniture for dorm rooms or apartments. IKEAs mission education isThe IKEA Concept is based on offering a wide range of head intentional, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. Rather than selling expensive home furnishings that only a few can buy, the IKEA Concept makes it possible to serve the many by providing low-priced products that contribute to helping more people live a better life at home.IKEA will continue to sell their products at a low price as long as people continue to assemble their own products. A huge difference between IKEA and other stellar(a) furniture retailers is that IKEA does not assemble products for their customers which keep their cost low. IKEA is very price conscious and always trying to keep costs down. An example of keeping costs low is the flat boxes they use for their products which minimize shipment costs and also production costs. IKEA managers impart been ingenious to make employees aware of exceeding costs that are harmful to the company such as closure lights or computers off that are not in use.IKEA currently operates in 42 different countries all over the world, selling products at low affordable prices for everyone. When IKEA began going inter topic they ran into rough problems as they did not do marketing research to learn intimately what the customer wants. An example is in Philadelphia, USA where customers complained o r so furniture not fitting with the American lifestyle. IKEA scrambled to gather information to regain their position in the inter peopleal market. IKEA learned a lot of lessons about entering internationally realizing there are many changes that need to occur to succeed internationally. After this mishap in the United States, IKEA developed a marketing research team which has led to their success in the other countries around the world that they entered.IKEA maps there stores out properly to ensure that people spend money while there. They often stick out furniture at the get downning of the store with a pathway leading customers throughout the store to date everything. If acustomer wants to purchase a particular item they write down the code and give it to the workers in the warehouse. At the end of the journey throughout the store customers also will be given the opportunity to purchase smaller items such as pens, pencils, paper, and other miscellaneous products affiliated with furniture or household goods. This is a beneficial marketing and strategic planning for IKEA to maximize their profits by the layout of their stores.INDIA COUNTRY ANALYSISIndia is the worlds largest democracy and is the second most populous country. It is one of the most diverse nations with numerous cultures, religions and languages. It is winning long strides with a progressive pace in terms of highly improved rate of literacy, health and life expectancy and majority of its citizens have been less affected by poverty, when contrastd to the past.In the past decade, India has false out to be a major player in the economic arena. For a while now, it has been increase at a rate of around 8% and is the second fastest maturement nation, second only to China. A great amount of credit for this growth is attributed to the policies adopted by the Indian government and the youth, which forms a huge part of the population. With this growth, India is on the brink of a makeshift. It has give out a major market for many companies and has paved way for huge corporations to set up their businesses and invest heavily. postage stamp ANALYSISIn business, PESTLE analysis is very important. Originally designed as a business environmental scan, PESTLE analysis is an analysis of the external macro-environment in which a business operates. These are agentive types which are beyond the harbour or influence of a business, however are important to be aware of when doing product development, business or strategy planning.PESTLE stands forP- PoliticalE- EconomicalS- SocialT- TechnologicalL- court-orderedE-EnvironmentalFor businesses to be set up, let us look at the PESTLE analysis of India.POLITICALIndia is the biggest democracy in the world. It is a federal official re frequent. The political situation in the India is more or less stable. Most of its democratic history, the federal presidential term of India has been led by the (INC) Indian National Congress. State politic s has been dominated by several national parties including the INC. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Communist Party of India (CPI), and various regional parties are the other major players on the Indian political scene. In the 2009 Indian elections, the INC won the biggest number of Lok Sabha seats and formed a government with an confederation called the United Progressive Alliance (UPA), supported by various left-wing parties and members opposed to the BJP. Ideological rock of political parties, influence of party forums, civil guild etc. causes a political environment that promotes stability. In India, many political factors affect the business environment. For example, Bangalore established itself as the most important IT centre of India in general because of political support. The major factors that affect the political environment are-Taxation polityIndia has a well developed tax structure with a three-tier federal structure, comprising the coalescence Government, the State Governments and the Urban &Rural local anesthetic Bodies. The major power to levy taxes and duties are distributed among the three tiers of Governments, in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Constitution. The main taxes/duties that the Union Government is empowered to levy are Income Tax, Customs duties, Central Excise and Sales Tax and attend to Tax. The principal taxes levied by the State Governments are Sales, Stamp Duty, State Excise, Land Revenue, and Duty on entertainment and Tax on Professions & Callings. The Local Bodies are empowered to levy tax on properties, Octroi Tax on Markets and Tax/User Charges for utilities like water supply, drainage, etc.PrivatizationPrivatization reduces the political interface in the management of enterprises, leading to improved efficiency and productivity. India has adopted privatization in a big way. Most of the publicly owned enterprises have now been privatized. For example, a great part of the Indian Railways has be en privatized which has improved the quality of attend to a great extent.DeregulationAfter the reforms of 1991, the Indian government adopted a policy of deregulation. It has loosened its control on most industries which has helped the industries grow.ECONOMICIn order to solve economic problems, the government took several steps including control by the State of certain industries, central planning and reduced importance of the private sector. The main objectives of Indias development plans wereInitiate rapid economic growth to raise the standard of living, reduce unemployment and poverty establish self-reliant and set up a vehement industrial base with emphasis on forbidding and basic industriesReduce inequalities of income and wealthAdopt a socialist pattern of development based on equality and prevent exploitation of man by manAs a part of economic reforms, the Government of India announced a refreshful industrial policy in July 1991. The broad features of this policy as fol lowsThe Government reduced the number of industries under compulsory licensing to six.Disinvestment was carried out in case of many public sector industrial enterprises.Policy towards foreign corking was liberalized. The share of foreign equity participation was change magnitude and in many activities 100 per cent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) was permitted.Automatic permission was now granted for technology agreements with foreign companies.Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) was setup to promote and transpose foreign investment in India. The economic factors in India are improving continuously. India has the third highest GDP in terms of purchasing power parity. Foreign direct investment in India rose 13 percent to $50.81 billion in the outgrowth 11 months of 2011 from a year earlier. India is a very attractive speech for investing as can be seen below.The Indian Economy is also witnessing a boom in the Retail sector. Almost 60percent of the consumers are willing to try out new products and services. or so 44 percent of Indians are willing to invest in the stock market as the available incomes are going beyond the level of savings. The attitudes and thinking of consumers has also changed compared to the previous year because of a reducing in the dependence on male member or shopper. tally to a survey, Indian consumers are willing to spend more on home improvements (38%) and leisure holidays (37%). The Total retail market of India is Rs. 19.48 lakh Crore of which Rs.0.126 lakh crore is organized. The organized market is growing at a rate of 28% and is expected to come to Rs. 0.206 lakh crore in 2011-12. The organized retail market share to total GDP is 2.1% and to that of private ingestion is 3.4%. Organized retail share to total retail market is 6.5%, which is estimated to touch 8.1% in 2012-13.SOCIALChanges in social trends can impact the pray for a firms products and the availability and willingness of individuals to work. In India, for example, the population has been ageing. This has increased the costs for firms who are committed to pension payments for their employees because their staff is living longer. It also means some firms have started to recruit older employees to tap into this growing labor pool. It describes the characteristics of the society in which the organization exists.Literacy rate, customs, cheers, beliefs, lifestyle, demographic features and mobility of population are part o the social environment. It is important for managers to notice the direction in which the society is moving and formulate progressive policies according to the changing social scenario India is the second most populous nation in the world with an approximate population of over 1.1billion people. This population is divided in the interest age structure 0-14 historic period 31.8%, 15-64 years 63.1% and65 years and above 5.1%.TECHNOLOGICALNew technologies create new products and new processes. MP3 players, computer ga mes, online gambling and high definition TVs are all new markets createdby technological advances. Online shopping, head off coding and computer aided design are all improvements to the way business is get dressede. Technology can reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovation. These developments can gather consumers as well as the organizations providing the products.India, in the past decade, has witnessed a technological growth unparalleled. With the advent of Information Technology, India has become the most favored finishing for IT projects. This has helped in creating employment and raised the standard of living of many. Most of the government projects are now been carried out in consultation with private partners who bring in high-end technology. For example, the Bandra-Worli Sea Link project in Mumbai was done in collaboration with a Chinese firm which helped the project technically.LEGALThese are related to the lawful environment in which firms operate. In recent years in the India there have been many noteworthy legal changes that have affected firms behavior. The introduction of discrimination and disability discrimination legislation, an increase in the nominal wage and great requirements for firms to recycle are examples of relatively recent laws that affect an organizations actions. Legal changes can affect a firms costs and demand. This consists of legislation that is passed by the parliament and conjure up legislatures. Examples of such legislation specifically aimed at business operations including the Trade mark Act 1969, subjective Commodities Act 1955, Standards of Weights and Measures Act 1969 and Consumer Protection Act 196.ENVIRONMENTALEnvironmental factors include the weather and climate change. Changes in temperature can impact many industries including farming, tourism and insurance. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming and with greater environmental awareness, this external factor is becoming a s ignificant issue for firms to consider. The growing desire to entertain theenvironment is having an impact on many industries such as the travel and transportation industries (for example, more taxes be placed on air travel) and the general move towards more environmentally friendly products and processes is affecting demand patterns and creating business opportunities. India has also realized the importance of these necessities and the government has laid down several norms for companies which they must stay to if they need to run their businesses.INDIAN FURNITURE INDUSTRYINDUSTRY OVERVIEWThe furniture manufacture in India is considered as a non-organized sector as it represents a small percentage (about 0.5%) of contribution to the formation of GDP. Moreover, the production is increase every year. The furniture fabrication is categorized into various categories amongst which overstepicraft production is the major category which accounts for about 85% of the total furniture p roduction in India.The wooden furniture is the major part of this non-organized sector, which caters mainly to home furniture demand. Demand for household furniture is easily affected by economic conditions such as disposable income, interest rates, employment level and income growth. The total size of the Indian furniture exertion is estimated at around INR 900 billion. Eighty five percent of this falls into the unorganized sector. The furniture market is growing by 12-15 per cent per annum. In fact, around 300,000 workers are held by the furniture perseverance.FIVE FORCES ANALYSISTHE BARRIERS TO naked as a jaybird ENTRANTSBarriers to entry explain the different criteria that could act possible barriers for companies to venture into new markets. For the Indian furniture market, the following could be the barriers Cost of capital requirementsThe capital required to set up a furniture business could be pretty heavy and companies would have look for investors in order to meet the h eavy capital requirements. Experiences and knowledgeSince furniture business, in term of manufacturers and retailers, is considered as a shopping good which needs more time in excerption so reputation is significant for the companies. Consistent with Imported furniture in India are booming, design becomes the first criteria in selecting furniture. This is influenced heavily by reputation and strong relation with customers and suppliers. How to begin and maintain the relationship along the value chain will help ensure survival in the furniture business. Developing relationships require knowledge and experiences which can be acquired and collected during operating in the market. This implies that this factor favors the companies already in the market. LegislationThe legal aspect is not much of relevance for India furniture industry in terms of an impediment. Rather, it provides the opportunities of lower tariffs for the new comers.THE BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERSIn India the bargaini ng power of customers in furniture market is high. Most of the time in furniture buying process is spent in looking and shopping products and once consumers decide what to buy, they will buy from retail or wholesale stores. Furthermore, designed furniture increasely becomes to the furniture trend in Indian market. Product design is mostly in hand of retailers or wholesalers since they meet the need of consumers who come totheir shop therefore they know styles in the current trend. Porter suggests that retailers power become significant greater over manufacturers when they are able to influence consumers purchasing decisions. In case of India furniture market, the ability of retailers to shape future market significantly increases the power of the buyers.THE BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERSThe power of suppliers is in the same direction as the power of buyers in the experience that it can squeeze profitability out of the industry. Suppliers can use bargaining power over participants in an industry by raising prices or reducing the quality of goods or services. In Indian furniture industry the bargaining power of customers in furniture market is low. The modern design furniture speedily becomes a furniture trend. Manufacturers produce furniture in various styles given by interior designers or retailers. This can lower the supplier power.THE THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SERVICESThe stronger the substitution in the industry less profitable the industry is. Wooden furniture is the main product in Indian furniture industry. The potential substitution of tropical wood products is the obvious non-wood products. Aluminum or plastic products may be a substitute for wood products. The threat of the substitute aluminum is gradually high since the demand for aluminum product is gradually growing with the current prospects of Indian economic development in the coming decades. To compare with wood the advantage of aluminum is mainly its durability, high flexibility, easy maintenance and no rust.RIVALRY AMONG existent COMPETITORSRivalry among existing firms can be fierce. For a company to improve its competitive position, knowledge of its industry situation and its rivals is essential. The more the rivalry is intense, the less that industry is profitable. Number of rivalsThe competitive environment in India furniture industry seems to be low in the terms of intensity since there are not many companies in the industry. However, foreign competitors through foreign investment play an important role in the industry because of the growing trend of import furniture. The industry growthPorter argues that slow industry growth leads to increasing competition since firms in the industry are inevitable to seek their expansion. From empirical findings, we found out that furniture market in India is growing positively every year. This implies that competition in the industry is not believably to be severe Product differentiationIn an industry, product differenti ation plays a significant role in protecting from competitors as customers have preferences and loyalty to particular sellers according to Porter. In Indian furniture industry, design makes product differentiated and design rapidly becomes trend. This means competition in this industry tends to be weak as a lot of design options are available which can generate product differentiation to meet the customers specific needs.INDIA A GREAT PLACE TO INVESTIndia has a very stable political environment which has been suitable for foreign investors and its policies over the last few years have been successful to attract FDI in various sectors This shows that India is a fruitful market for companies planning to invest and enter this market. India is an important member of WTO which urges it to abide by its rules and regulations. India has the second largest population in the world which makes it a huge economy as it also has a rapid and stable economic growthwith low inflation rate and stron g rupee value. India also has a cheap labor as compared to other developing countries. These indicators clearly signify India as a suitable place for the investors to invest. We have noticed that imported furniture is flooding in the market and growing up rapidly every year.The government policy of allowing 100% FDI in single brand retail is an added motive and enhances opportunities for foreign players in entering into Indian market. The ability of retailers to shape future market is increasing, however, buyers bargaining power is exerted very little as it doesnt appear to be one single buyer who purchases large volumes of furniture and suppliers bargaining power is also low as most of products are in hand of retailers in view of product design. Competitive situation in Indian furniture industry is not too intense due to the high growth of the industry and a small number of companies in the industry.3. IKEA IN INDIAFrom the previous part, PESTLE and Five-Force analysis shows the gr eat opportunity for the furniture industry in India. This time, with strong global presence and reputation itself, IKEA should really enter India for further profitability, by the large population and adjuvant business environment. This part we will explain the IKEA project organized in India by site selection and company strategy.IKEA entering India seems to be a quite promising idea, and as a team we have thought of another aspect that could prove to be quite profitable for IKEA. We feel that hiring interior designers to learn peoples homes or apartment building and help them with the process could generate more sales. An experienced interior designer who is knowledgeable can help sell products and also make recommendations for the customers. Many customers who dont have a good sense of fashion can be left clueless when trying to shop for furniture or other household accessories. The interior designer will have a catalog with them when they make the initial visit, browsing with the customer. The customer has to pay a flat rate for the interior designer and then what ever they want to purchase. By allocating an interior designer IKEA could make more money because sales people have a tendency to pushproducts on people and create more sales for the company.3.1 SITE SELECTIONAccording to the India government (2012), India consists of 28 states and 7 Union territories. separately state has a unique demography, history and culture, value and language (India government, 2012). Using this information it is important that the first store implemented into India is essential for further success.Similar to China, India established the Special Economic Zones Acts (SEZs) in 2005 (Rawat, Bhushan and Surepally, 2011). The authors also point out that in investing there, a company will be given a variety of friendly business conditions e.g. incentives and tax exemptions. Supporting by Dohrmann (2008), SEZs will support business and will particularly enhance the competitive ness of export-oriented activities. IKEA might not be a direct exporter, but we see future potential that IKEA could establish the regional factory in India with the centre location connecting Asia and Europe and other branches.There are a number of states that have been part of SEZs, e.g. Andhra Pradesh, Chandigarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. (SEZ India 2012). Our first location or destination for India is the Western part specifically Mumbai, one of Indias most intensive business hubs and residents, locates (Figure X). We plan to settle a store in suburbs which is near Mumbai, possibly between Pune and Mumbai. The reason why we select this district is its favorable business environments which possibly encourage IKEAs performance immensely. This derived from the advantages of land value, SEZs discriminatory treatments and Mumbai economy.Land valueReal estate and land value are one of main priorities in establishing a new store. Although IKEA might have plenty of capital , we need to ensure the investment will be made in order to continue to be lucrative and profitable.According to The Economic Times (2011), _ keeping prices in the Delhi NCR region have escalated between 10-45% in the last one year.,_ whereas Mumbai, on the contrary, the land value is subjected to fall 30% and even more as the developer was forced to sell the estate (Thakur, 2011). Therefore, IKEA had better started from less-costly country and when the firm keep progressing well, settling around New Delhi or Kalkatta can really be considered.SEZsSince Maharashtas has become SEZs, it attracts MNEs and foreign investors for certain. Rawat, Bhushan and Surepally (2011) exemplify that Duty free was allowed for import procurement of products and materials for development, operation and maintenance. Also, the company will benefit from many types of tax exemptions, for example, an exemption from export income 50 or 100% (under conditions), from Central Sales Tax, service tax and state sa les tax. Therefore, under SEZs Act, it is not only support cost-effective strategy for IKEA but also lead to future investment of the company in the region, for instance, establish the manufacturing site or regional assemble activity.c. Mumbais developing economy and increasing population gives IKEA incentive to start business there.Mumbai is illustrious as Indias major financial and commercial capitol as generates 6.16% of national GDP (The Financial Express, 2008). other emerging companies located in Mumbai will establish competition, but also ensure that business continues to grow. Furthermore, it was be among the fastest cities in India for business start-up (MMRDA, 2009) which would allow our company to continuously grow.Regarding Demographic data, Mumbai is the largest city in regards to population. According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai city was more than 12 million (Figure Xb), (national population, 1.21 billion) and it has been increasing over time (BBC, 2011). Besides, in canvas to other major cities i.e. Delhi, Kolkatta and Chennai, Mumbai represented thegreatest growth over three decades (Figure Xc).

Сitybank NA

1.1. ORIGIN OF THE REPORTThis physical composition is a Research Report prep atomic number 18d as a need for Business Research course of MBA Program of the De cut offment of anxiety Studies, University of Dhaka. The primary goal of look into overlay is to de variance an opportunity to implement theoretical noesis and conceptions in real life situation. All the things be reflect the objectives of the topic.Citibank N.A. is the number one foreign private bank in Bangladesh. In a relatively short period of time, it has become one of the industrys most powerful platforms for financial products and services. Citi Trade receiptss building block is one of the large profit makers in Bangladesh during the Global Economic Crisis. In this business relationship, we build foc utilise on the level of guests satisfaction on its current Trade Operations.As a want for the Course no. 503 of the MBA programme we need to submit this report, which admits an overview of the organization a nd elaboration of a project. The record is conducted and prepargond under the guidance of my honorable course instructor Dr. Shahid Uddin Ahmed.1.2. TOPIC OF THE REPORTThe topic of the report is The Insight of Customer Satisfaction Level on Trade Operation Citibank, N.A. Dhaka Perspective.1.3. PLATFORM OF THE REPORT To analyze this topic we have chosen the Trade Service Department of Citibank, N.A, Dhaka. as a platform where we have done some abridgment to fulfill the requirement of our research and to apply the theoretical knowledge in practical area.1.4. OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORTThis report is aimed to study the customer posture and brand preferences on shell out exertions of Citibank, N.A. and conduct an in-depth study to assess their satisfaction level. The other objectives are to give a brief view of the Citigroup, Citibank and its operations (particularly in Bangladesh) from the viewpoint of a neutral observer, to explore how Citi Trade service supports the export-import b usiness of Bangladesh and to give an idea about the products and procedures of Trade Operations of Citibank N.A. Bangladesh.The specific objectives stinkpot conducting this study are as followsThe main focus of this study is to identify the potencies and problems of Citi Trade work by analyzing both employees and customers.To figure out how an exporter/importer can be benefited by taking the support of Citi Trade Services from customer point of view.To analyze the customer appeal and their level of satisfaction on trade operations.To make out the solutions to solve the problems with implementation strategies through which Citi Trade Service Management can draw prudence to those problems.1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REPORTThis report is significant, as it will help Citibank to determine the factors, which actually influence the customer to be satisfied to the organization and besides the level of satisfaction. From this study, the Relationship Managers (RM) will get the benefit of the customers opinions and based on that, the management will have the opportunity to adjust their customer benefit strategies. Thus Citibank will be able to give more customer service through their products. This report sheds light into areas of the banks trade operation where it needs to play some roles. And this study will help them in policy making of customer related benefits as a reference. The company can also have an in-depth understanding of customer approach on trade operations of Citibank,N.A.1.6. SCOPE OF THE REPORTThis report gives a narrative overview of the Citigroup, Citibank and its Trade operation in Bangladesh. And it also covered the regulatory framework under which export-import business and export-import banking is going on. This report covers the theoretical knowledge of courses of- Bank Management, Insurance and Risk management, International Trade, Management of Multinational Enterprises, Organization Behavior, Industrial Psychology, Marketing Management and Business Communication and Computing Fundamentals for preparing report. Any development of Citibank thereafter is out of the scope of the report. This report explains the client satisfaction on trade operations. However, since various trade information are sensitive and undercover in nature such information is kept out of the report scope. The substance presented in this study are not be applicable anywhere outside Citibank, N.A and are not be used anywhere except University of Dhaka and Citibank, N.A.1.7. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDYThough we tried our level best to produce a comprehensive and well-organized report on The Insight of Customer Satisfaction Level on Trade Operation Citibank, N.A. Dhaka Perspective. just about limitations were yet present. While conducting this research on Citibank, N.A., we have faced with some constrains which we think might throw in with the spirit and accuracy of this report. For exampleFirst and the main constraint of this report is Time shortage . As we have submitted this report within very few days, it is very short time to make any research of an organization. The analysis is based on some limited data, so it has become difficult to draw a complete figure. The most elementary limitation of this study is the limited number of respondents interviewed. The objectives hold significant impressiveness for the bank but the number of clients itself is small. The results can be justified further if the number of respondents can include all the present clients. While the clients were interviewed many of them were unwilling to talk freely.Some of therespondents in my survey werent reformatory some of them werent honest in their opinions. Some information is confidential and the managers and officers do not provide that information. The official website doesnt provide up-to-date information about some issues. There was lack of skilful thought and analytical ability to make it the most perfect one. I have to offset with the qualit y due to time constraint.1.8. LAYOUT OF THE REPORTThe report is structured in the following waysCHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION- Deals with defining the topic and also the origin, reasons, platform and objectives of choosing the topic to prepare the report.CHAPTER-2 LITERATURE REVIEW- Gives some basic knowledge of trade, customer satisfaction and CRM which are used as basis for analyzing the report.CHAPTER-3 PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION Presents an overview of the organization itself Citibank N.A., Bangladesh. Starting from the global position of Citigroup, this part gradually comes down to describe the country operations of the bank.CHAPTER-4 CITI TRADE SERVICE- Covers various trade operations of Citibank N.A. more or less every aspect of trade operation procedures are described in this report that encompasses issues, which are full worldwide, but new for Bangladesh. The report has been presented in the way that a person can get an general idea about the trade operations of Citibank N.A. Bangladesh.CHAPTER-5 METHODOLGY OF RESEARCH- Data, sources, procedures and mechanism used to make survey for analytical part of the report.CHAPTER-6 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION- Covers mainly the analytical part of this report and also analyzing various issues on Citi trade Departments including SWOT analysis on overall trade service department. This also provides understanding of customer approach on trade operations of Citibank, N.A.CHAPTER-7 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION- To solve the problems regarding to Citi Trade Services, Bangladesh.

Media Use in Identity Construction Essay

In society today the construction of a personal identity element can be seen to be somewhat problematic and difficult. Young people are surrounded by influential imagery, especially that of popular media. It is no longer possible for an identity to be constructed merely in a small community and only be influenced by family. Nowadays, arguably everything concerning out lives is seen to be media-saturated.Therefore, it is taken for granted(predicate) that in constructing an identity young people would make use of imagery derived from the popular media. For example, it is becoming progressively common for young children to have their own television and music systems in their bedrooms whilst similarly having easy and customary access to magazines especially aimed at the developing child and/or teenager. Such young people would also have a way of accessing the Internet be it at school or sometimes at home.However, it is beautiful to say that in some instances the freedom of explorin g the web could be limited depending on the survival of the fittest of the parents or teachers. So, if young people have such frequent access and an interest in the media, it is fair to say that their behaviour and their sense of self will be influenced to some degree by what they see, read, visit or discover for themselves. Such an influence may include a particular way of behaving or dressing to the kind of music a person chooses to listen to.These are all aspects which go towards constructing a persons own personal identity. By close investigation into the popular media, and by exploitation two specific examples of a popular teen magazine and a recent teenage constitute single that got to number 2 in the British charts, I intend to illustrate the various slipway in which young people make use of imagery derived from popular media in the construction of their identities.

Does Word Length or Orthographical Neighbourhood Size?

Does Word Length or Orthographical locality Size Effect Working Memory? Abstract Baddeley, Thomson and Buchanan (1975) were the first to systematically examine the effect of countersignature length on memory finding that short enounces were recalled more easily than persistent crys. This became cognise as the enunciate length effect (WLE Baddeley et al. 1975). Since this study WLE was further examined and presented mixed results (e. g. Baddeley, 2000 Cowan et al, 1992 Lewandowsky & Oberauer, 2009 Lovatt, Avons & Masterson, 2000).In 2011 Jalbert, Neath, Bireta, and Surprenant suggested that previous research conducted whitethorn have been subject to a confounding inconstant, orthographical neighbourhood size (ONS). In a study by Jalbert, Neath and Surprenant (2011) it was concluded that neighbourhood size, not length of the word, is important on that pointfore forgetting in short-term memory whitethorn be due to other variables than decay. The present study was further inves tigating the effect of word length and ONS by using 22 within groups ANOVA. The independent variables were word length and ONS.They both had 2 levels 1 syllable (short) and 3 syllables (long) for word length and 3-5 neighbours (small) and 7-9 neighbours (large) for neighbourhood size. Words for the ONS were selected using MCWord, an online orthographic database (Medler & Binder, 2005). The dependent variable was the number of words successfully recalled in the correct company. It was hypothesized that short words would be recalled better than long words, and that words with a large ONS would be recalled better than words with a small ONS.There will be no interaction between the two groups. There were eight participants (Leeds Met undergraduates) selected through convenience sampling. The experiment was fulfill with the use of E-prime (Schneider, Eschman, & Zuccolotto, 2002). Participants were presented with six words then words were displayed on the left side of the screen, parti cipants were asked to indicate the order in which they had been presented in. The number of correctly recorded words was used as the measure of the accuracy of their memories.Results showed that there was no significant effect on the ease of recall relating to either word length or ONS, therefore not supporting the hypotheses or previous research. This could be due to a small judge size. The different stimuli used whitethorn also have been problematic as previous research indicates (Bireta, Neath & Surprenant, 2006). This may imply that there is another reason for why forgetting occurs and it is not specifically related to decay or ONS. Further investigation into this is recommended. References Baddeley, A.D. , Thomson, N. , & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short-term memory. Journal of communicatory Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14, 575589. Baddeley, A. D. (2000). The episodic buffer A new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 417423 . Bireta, T. J. , Neath, I. , & Surprenant, A. M. (2006). The syllable-based word length effect and stimulus set specificity. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 13, 434438. Cowan, N. , Day, L. , Saults, J. S. , Kellar, T. A. , Johnson, T. , & Flores, L. 1992). The role of verbal output term in the effects of word length on immediate memory. Journal of Memory & Language, 31, 1-17. Jalbert, A. , Neath, I. , Bireta, T. J. , & Surprenant, A. M. (2011). When does length cause the word length effect? Journal of observational Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 37, 338353. Jalbert, A. , Neath, I. & Surprenant, A. M. (2011). Does length or neighbourhood size cause the word length effect? Memory and Cognition, 39, 1198-1210. Lewandowsky, S. , & Oberauer, K. (2009).No evidence for temporal decay in working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology Association Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35, 1545-1551. Lovatt, P. , Avons, S. E. , & Masterson, J. (2002). Output decay in immediate s erial recall Speech time revisited. Journal of Memory & Language, 46, 227-243. Medler, D. A. , & Binder, J. R. (2005) MCWord An on-line orthographic database of the English language. Schneider, W. , Eschman, A. , & Zuccolotto, A. (2002). E-Prime Users Guide. Pittsburgh Psychology Software Tools, Inc.

Learning Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Learning Theories - Essay Example appearanceism is an important approach in educating younger students. Young learners may nearlytimes be unmanageable peculiarly when they are left on their own (Casas, 2011). In teaching, behaviorists usually lay down the rules to the students at the counterbalance of the course of study. This helps to avoid misbehavior. Teachers also use positive and ostracise reinforcements to affect students behavior. As such, it is imperative for teachers to know their students behavior and plan out reinforcements to influence negative behaviors and make them positive. Rewards that are meaningful to the students should be in holding to strengthen positive behaviors, and rules must be set at the very start to avoid negative behaviors. Classroom management is one aspect that a behaviorist teacher focuses on. Students have different personalities precisely when they come to school, they act in uniformity according to the policies and regulations set by the s chool and its teachers. Establishing classroom rules is then the first step to a well-managed classroom. Teachers should make it a point to establish rules at the beginning of the year and have them posted. In particular, classroom rules may be memorized by students and restated as part of routines. Rules may be posted on the bulletin board to remind students of their responsibility. In terms of assignments, it is scoop up to make contracts for parents or guardians to sign. There should be an assignment notebook where students provide write all their assignments. The teacher signs the assignment page, whether it was finish or not, and students will ask their parents to countersign the page so as to superintend students effort in doing their assignments. ... Rules may be posted on the bulletin board to remind students of their responsibility. In terms of assignments, it is best to make contracts for parents or guardians to sign. There should be an assignment notebook where stud ents will write all their assignments. The teacher signs the assignment page, whether it was completed or not, and students will ask their parents to countersign the page so as to monitor students effort in doing their assignments. Practicing routines is another beneficial aspect of the behaviorist classroom. Routines help to make students become make individuals. Students who learn routines in school will learn to keep a routine at station and eventually, in their professional field. With routines, performance and processes will be perfected. As part of everyday routine, students should greet the teacher and their classmates, check attendance by counting off (each should be assigned a class number), recite classroom rules, and report current news. The reporting of current events should be done in turns, based on the class number. These routine activities are supposed to prepare students for the day ahead, and to condition them to behave the way they should in school. Setting the mood of students is a must in the behaviorist classroom. In every lesson, the teacher should ever so give students some idea on what to expect for the day. This gets the students in the mood for activities, games, etc. For example, if the teacher says, Today, we will play a game. The students will know how to behave or react, and they will respond accordingly to the situation. If some serious activities need to be accomplished, then the teacher could say, Have you made a Diorama? Today, I will teach you how to

Academic Paper Review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Academic Paper Review - Assignment ExampleIn addition, consumers can also purchase these commodities by using online transactions. This paper will look on the unhomogeneous shelter issues relating to e-commerce system (Al-Slamy, 2008).Apart from hardware or physical damages threats, e-commerce system is seriously influenced by the perils associated with its software and technical mechanism. The software and technical mechanism rely on three gage components. The security concept entails three vital components including availability, integrity and confidentiality (McKegney & Khusial, 2005). Authorized individuals are permitted to access the highly confidential data and information connected to consumers. Leaking this confidential information to an unauthorized individual is breaching confidentiality.Data integrity is safeguarded by preserving the critical information contained in it even though the integrity may be violated by adding more payment demands in statements and bills (Gollmann, 2000). Availability makes sure that access to resources is safe and incase of any delays, availability may be influenced negatively. The main security features of e-commerce system include authorization, auditing, authentication and encryption. Encryption is created in enhancing maximum security measures by preserving private information (McKegney & Khusial, 2005). It prevents unauthorized individuals from accessing financial transactions occurring on the internet. Authentication is the act of reservation sure that a user retrieving information from the system is the same one and prevents unauthorized users from the log in. other security feature is auditing. It is used by businesses in keeping online transaction records.This information is used by companies in proving the validity of transactions. In addition, authorization is taking command over personal resources found online and manipulating them finished an exact mechanism. This

Cluster headache case study pathophysioloy class

thump headache pathophysioloy class - Case Study ExampleIndividuals who hold out from this type of headache devour recurrent severe, one-sided (unilateral) headache wound. These attacks occur at intervals with spontaneous remissions that can the continuous progress of pain though a smaller percentage of individuals do not experience this interrupt. Cluster headaches are mostly incurable, but prevention can be put in place. bully attacks can be treated through giving the patient plenty supply of oxygen or triptan which is fast acting. Verapamil uses a prevention mechanism has been widely acceptable and is commonly used as a prophylactic therapy. The use of verapamil sometimes calls for use of steroids before it starts to take effect (Friedman BW, 2009). Cluster headache proportionally affects a 0.2% of the general population with hands being affected most. The ratio of men to women who suffer from cluster headache ranges from 2.51 to 3.51.P.T has a three years history of cluste r headache, and he is 35 years of age. He has gone to a neurological clinic for follow-up and revealed that he experienced each headache for a period of one year until they started six weeks ago. He has been involved in a divorce and also lost her mother who succumbed to cancer recently. He shifted to a new job a few weeks ago. He states that his headaches starts from nowhere and reaches its highest level of pain within 10 minutes. An intense and extreme headache pain is experienced, and it is unilateral only affecting one side of the head typically above the eye. The pain runs from above the eye to the temple and reaches the left cheek. During a headache, the eye starts to water profusely and also a runny nose is on the go. The headaches have been episodic, lasting for approximately two and a half hours and occurring amid 9am to 9pm daily during the last five days. Drugs such as ibuprofen nor acetaminophen have been ineffective in relieving pain during headaches. There are no pho tophobic instances associated

Termin Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Termin - Literature review ExampleThis investigate essay give be endeavouring to highlight the intricacies involved terminal dilapidated claims. This research essay will look into how changes in the CPR (Civil outgrowth tag) have impacted the claims on dilapidation and will also analyse the level best cap on the claims low section 18 (1) of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1927 by the landlord . Finally, this will research essay will come to a conclusion after having discussed that how changes of CPR have imposed changes in relation to terminal dilapidation claims. (Olins 20104). Claims of Terminal laying waste To safeguard the landlords , the Landlord & Tenants Act 1927 ( the Act) was enacted as at that place was nigh feeling at the time of enactment of the above act that there existed around disagreement in the affiliation between a tenant and a landlord with the latter too often misusing his prevalent position. (Olins 20108). There will be complexity in arriving at the exa ct amount of claim under terminal dilapidations. This can be ascertained in two ways. ... U Stores Ltd1, it was decided that there is an freight on the landowner to lessen the loss and this may extend to commencing preparations for carrying out the repairs before the expiry of the lease. ill to do so may even result in reduction or extinguishment of claim for losses (for example, loss of rent). (Cooke &Woodhead 2007337). In Carmel Southend Ltd v Strachan & Henshaw Ltd2, there was a covenant to handover the premises in substantial and in good conditions. In this case, whether quantum of damages included cost of patch repairs or whether it has to include whether more big over-cladding as demanded by the new tenant. In this case, second limp of s18 (1) of the Landlord and Tennant Act 1927 was applied. It was decided that patch repairs were complete to adhere with covenants and stance claimed by the incoming tenant may be relevant but non determinative. It was held by the court th at erstwhile tenant was responsible for the full cost of patch repairs. (Watt 200714). In some cases, landlord may be asked to bear the terminal repairs as in the case of multiple occupations. In some cases, a tenant may serve a notice on landlord with a Schedule of Dilapidation if he fails to repair. In Wallace v. Manchester City Council, the tenant was awarded with damages for inconvenience or discomfiture by a County Court Judge and in appeal, the decision was upheld. In Hallise v. petmoor Developments Ltd, the landlord was held accountable for repairs. (The Times 2000). Civil Procedure Code The Civil Justice Review of 1988 recognised intricacy, expenses and delay as the three grave defects that were apparent in the Civil Procedure Code that existed since 1851. To remove these intricacies, Lord Woolf recommended some major changes in the Civil Procedure Code of

Propylene Glycol Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Propylene Glycol - Assignment ExamplePG is as well as known under the name 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-dihydroxypropane, 1,2-propanediol, ethylene glycol, and methyl glycol. The proper IUPAC chemical name is propane-1,2-diol. Its CAS Registry twist on the U.S. EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory of chemical affections is 57-55-6. Common commercial names of this substance ar Propylene Glycol Industrial (PGI) and Propylene Glycol USP (PG USP) (Martin and Murphy, 2006).The physical properties of propylene glycol are presented in Table 1. All of the glycols are very miscible with water, ethanol, acetone, and chloroform. Propylene glycol is also a hygroscopic compound (Martin and Murphy, 2006).The morphological formula of propylene glycol is given in figure 1. Its structural isomer with the same formula is 1,3-propanediol. PG has also two enantiomers one is (R)-1,2-propanediol and the other is (S)-1,2-propanediol. This compound has two functional hydroxyl group group pr imary and secondary that distinguish it from the ethylene glycol (McKetta, 1993).Chemical properties of propylene glycol are typical for this group of compounds. It undergoes the reactions with carboxylic acids, and their derivatives (halides and anhydrides) forming esters reaction with hydroxides of alkali metals forming salts, and interaction with aldehydes and ketones where the products are acetals and ketals. The reaction with acids is important for obtaining polyesters. The adjoining important commercial product is polyether obtained by dehydration of propylene glycol. Reactions with aldehydes and ketones are used for protection of aldehyde or ketone functionality in organic synthesis (Martin and Murphy, 2006).Propylene glycol is used in organic synthesis, synthesis of polymers, medicine, and cosmetics. Its intermixture of water has the low freezing point and, thus, this compound is used as antifreeze.

Analyzing The Self & Brand Personalities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Analyzing The Self & blade Personalities - Essay ExampleThey understand that keeping their shares in the markets is linked to the level of their customers faithfulness. Such information is central to my growth and in defining my marketing strategy for developing a strong brand into the market. at that place are two theories describing this conceptual concept of the brand image and self-concept and these have an influence on the consumers quality and the brand preferences. These are the congruity theory, which entails the product cues that are involved and they usually use images to activate a schema that involves similar images. The second theory also referred to as the self concept theory seeks to develop that consumer behaviour research findings explains to us that consumers who perceive the product image are perceived to be healthy and consistent with their actual self-concept. For example, before purchasing a laptop computer or a officious phone, I would consider going for strong brands that meet the four Ps of marketing. Moreover, this provides sufficient explanation to face that thither is a congruence between the self-image and the brand personality. In fact, this is what increases the consumer brand relationship and the consumer satisfaction. For cases where there is a high involvement with the products, the relationship of the consumer brand quality will mediate an effect of satisfaction on the consumers brand loyalties. A good example is However, for the low involvement products the satisfaction will instanter influence the loyalty of the brand. One of the most important issues in the market is brand royalty this is because there is always a tendency of the consumers to purchase decisions by the brand images that have already been formed in their minds instead of the characteristics of the product itself or the original attributes.Presence of a unique brand is the key to a brand equity

Respiratory for Paramedic Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Respiratory for paramedical - Case Study ExampleWhen irritants are inhaled, they offspring into swellings of the cells within the respiratory tract (Barnes, 2002 p.52). These cells are because activated to initiate an inflammatory process thus triggers the release of other mediators for inflammatory process like the interleukins, tumour necrosis factor alpha, matrix-metalloproteinase, fibrinogen, interferon gamma and C-reactive protein (Steurer-Stey et al, 2012 p.367). These mediators are responsible for the sustained red process which results to the severe damage to the tissues as well as many other systematic systems. The inflammation sustained inflammation of the tissues of the respiratory system results into changes in the structure of the lungs which further lead to the limitation of the airflow.The inflammatory response associated with COPD is as a result into the remodelling of COPD thus result into the narrowing of the airways. According to Barnes (2002 p.84), three m ain factors are responsible for these structural changes namely accumulation of scar tissue as a result of damage to the airways, peribronchial fibrosis as well as the over multiplication of the epithelial cells within the lining of the airways. These structural changes results into the loss of gingersnap of the lung tissue and destruction of parenchyma. Alveoli is also affected because the structures feeding and supporting the alveoli are also destroyed trail to a condition referred to as emphysema. This is the most dangerous process of pathology of COPD since it results into the collapse of the small airways such as alveoli. This is very dangerous since it impedes the flow of air as well as trapping air within the lungs thus reducing lung capacity as compared to normal individuals.The other change that occurs as a result of COPD is the dysfunction of the mucociliary. Irritants that lead to inflammation of the airways also result into the inflammation of the mucosa glands that th at line the airway walls in the

Public's Trust on Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Publics Trust on Government - Essay ExampleThe trust, as rise up as support of the citizens is very crucial in creating a strong and successful organization. The pursuance paragraphs will talk about a few actors that would offer the individuals the basis in making sure decisions in terms of giving their trust or not. Reasons for trusting the Government The first reason that proves a government is dependable is when it carries out its tasks appropriately. One of the key responsibilities is to concentrate on the requirements of its citizens. The most app arnt among these are essential human requirements that are important for the people to lead a respectable life. Besides, the government moldiness also recognize how to defend its citizens as strong as its terrain from interior and exterior dangers like local rebellions and violence. The second reason is the notion of answerability. Public representatives should be liable to the activities of this political mechanism. With regard to this, they should as well be held accountable to the body that confers their power, which is the public. This is most pertinent in democratic governments in which the citizens cast their select for their government officials. A government who is responsible features it an aim to meet the satisfactory paradigm for excellent organization (Kennedy, 2009). Third, the government must permit the involvement of other stakeholders in their executive procedure. A dependable government should not just make preferences by themselves they should obtain the input of other individuals who are as well concern with the result of what these choices might carry. These stakeholders should incorporate different regions from the society like non-governmental associations and even simple citizens of a nation. Fourth, a government have to practice transparency in its set of laws, policy, and decisions. The government must tolerate the public the essential information regarding key issues as well a s strategies in the government. This would help the citizens to make intelligent decisions concerning their dealings especially the ones associated with the constancy of their state. Fifth, a government that is worthy of the peoples trust has the interests of its citizens in head word and this is significantly observed in the requisition of their budget. The government should truthfully use the taxpayers money by reliable ventures and programs that are free of dishonesty and irregularity (Nyre et al, 1997). Reasons for not trusting the Government In contrast, on that point are also reasons to distrust the government. First, the government is making bad strategies that are merely for the advantage of a small number of citizens particularly if it is the vested interest of those who are in authority. The government has no sense of business mainly in time of catastrophe. This is apparent, as they tend to hold one another responsible particularly if something incorrect took place. Sec ond, huge corruption is taking place within the government. Citizens insights of corruption are rooted in general approach towards government, and that, as a result, these subjective signs may be only assessing the governments image, and not its original performance. Many of the commonly applied corruption signs are of a subjective nature. They mostly do not depend on a practical foundation, and leave significant independence to respondents whether to think about original features. This generates issues of comparability, and calls respondents to widen their standpoint to whatever issue they wish when providing a view on corruption. Third reason for not trusting the government arises from citizens lived experiences with government. It recommends that the government is obsolete as well as old-fashioned and necessitate to be enhanced to restore trust. This distrust is a major obstruction to